Author Archive for homer

British ‘Multiculturalism’ Criticized

From John F. Burns in The New York Times:

Faced with growing alarm about Islamic militants who have made Britain one of Europe’s most active bases for terrorist plots, Prime Minister David Cameron has mounted an attack on the country’s decades-old policy of “multiculturalism,” saying it has encouraged “segregated communities” where Islamic extremism can thrive.

Speaking at a security conference in Munich on Saturday, Mr. Cameron condemned what he called the “hands-off tolerance” in Britain and other European nations that has encouraged Muslims and other immigrant groups “to live separate lives, apart from each other and the mainstream.”

He said that the policy had allowed Islamic militants leeway to radicalize young Muslims, some of whom went on to “the next level” by becoming terrorists, and that Europe could not defeat terrorism “simply by the actions we take outside our borders,” with military actions like the war in Afghanistan.

“Europe needs to wake up to what is happening in our own countries,” he said. “We have to get to the root of the problem.”

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For video of the speech…

Women’s groups struggle amid funding cuts: Centre promoting women in science and domestic violence charities affected by UK financial decisions

From Amelia Gentleman in The Guardian:

Buried in a Department for Business document published a few days before Christmas was the news that the UK Resource Centre for Women in Science, Engineering and Technology would lose all its government funding.

The organisation’s clunky title obscures an important role. Set up in 2004 to increase the proportion of women in the science, engineering and technology workforce (just 12.5% of the workforce is female at present), the body is almost entirely government funded.

“It was a devastating blow,” Annette Williams, founding director of the centre, said. “One interpretation is that equality organisations are seen as a boom-time nice-to-have. In times of reduced funding, it is equality activities that suffer.”

Funding cuts to organisations that support women or promote genderequality are hard to map because they are scattered in so many places, but campaigners are increasingly anxious that these groups may be among the worst hit as central and local government cuts are announced.

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Firms should ‘comply or explain’ on board diversity, says CBI

From James Brockett in People Management:

All listed companies should be required to measure their progress on improving diversity but there should be no quotas for the number of women on boards, the CBI has argued.

In its submission to the review being carried out by Lord Davies on increasing female representation in the boardroom, the business group called for the UK corporate governance code to be revised to require listed companies to report on diversity on a “comply or explain basis”. This would mean companies reporting on their progress towards internally-set targets and having to explain if they fail to deliver.

Firms in sectors with many female employees would be expected to set themselves higher targets on female representation than in more male-dominated industries which would be starting from a lower base.

The CBI pointed out that an Australian scheme along these lines has already resulted in 27 per cent of new board appointments in 2010 being women, compared to just 5 per cent in 2009.

CBI president Helen Alexander said: “Although women make up half of the population and more than half of university graduates, they remain woefully under-represented at board level. We need to see more women progressing through the ranks and do more to keep them moving along the career pipeline into the top jobs. Schemes such as flexible working, mentoring and networking have helped, but making progress at the very top levels of business will require more sophisticated talent management. What is needed is cultural change, not quotas, ratios or tokenism.”

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Performance Sapped by Stereotypes

steele

Dr. Claude Mason Steele

Review of Claude M. Steele’s Whistling Vivaldi: And Other Clues to How Stereotypes Affect Us by William von Hippel in Science:

As a reader of Science, you probably regard yourself as intellectually curious and nonviolent. But what if others didn’t see you that way? What if people doubted your intellectual capacity and were visibly anxious in your presence? How would you cope with this situation and what effect might it have on you? This is the problem that Brent Staples faced as a young African-American graduate student, when he noticed that people were afraid of him as he passed them on the street at night in Chicago’s Hyde Park. Staples learned to escape this stereotype by whistling Vivaldi, a strategy that put passersby at ease and inspired the title of Claude Steele’s new book on how stereotypes affect us.

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Sweden joins Europe-wide backlash against immigration

From Ian Traynor in The Guardian:

In a country that elevated social democracy into the natural form of government for decades, Maria has been a loyal stalwart. The 66-year-old retired canteen worker has always voted for Sweden‘s Social Democratic party, like the vast majority in her working-class suburb of Malmo. Until last Sunday, that is. That morning Maria broke the habit of a lifetime and in doing so helped redraw the map of Swedish politics. She voted for an extreme-right movement accused of being Islamophobic that broke into parliament in Stockholm for the first time, probably condemning the country to a fragile minority government.

She was not alone. In Maria’s high-rise suburb of Almgården an astonishing one in three voted for Sweden Democrats, a party dubbed “racist and neo-Nazi” and led by Jimmie Åkesson, the new young darling of the European far right.

The reason is plain. Maria pointed across the dual carriageway to the neighbouring housing scheme of Rosengård, known locally as “the ghetto”.

It is home to almost 20,000 immigrants, overwhelmingly Muslim, almost half of them jobless.

“It’s become crazy around here. You can’t go out in the evening,” said Maria, who like other locals, did not want her surname revealed. “I’ve got nothing against foreigners. I’ve been married to a Bulgarian for 40 years. But these people don’t share our values. If you don’t like the colour of our flag, I say, I’ll help you pack your bags.”

Another resident, running a minicab service, remained loyal to the centre-left, but said: “Åkesson’s right. Enough is enough. Even in the jungles of Africa, they don’t know where Sweden is, but they know they can come here, get money and not need to work. I came so close to voting for Sweden Democrats. Maybe the next time.

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The Quran also burns at Fahrenheit 451

burningblogpictureFrom Nick Spicer in AlJazeera Blogs:

An outsider seeking to understand the angry debate over a Florida pastor who plans to hold an “International Burn a Quran Day” on September 11 would do well to consider two texts familiar to most Americans.

First is Ray Bradbury’s novel Fahrenheit 451 (the title refers to the temperature at which paper burns).

This reading-list staple in American high schools tells the story of Guy Montag, a “fireman” of the future whose job is not to extinguish fires, but, in an over-entertained, savage dystopia, to burn books.

And thereby to extinguish independent thought.

The book echoes the anti-intellectual strain in American culture, something Bradbury worried about in the America of 1953. Fears of Soviet “enemies within” were tearing the nation apart; the country’s politics and cultural life were polluted by a fantasy-based ideological witch hunt organized by Senator Joe McCarthy of Wisconsin.

The other document is the US constitution, a text Americans are taught to venerate as a model charter for ensuring life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

Its first amendment reads:

Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances.

It is not, obviously, freedom of religion that explains the planned action of the Florida pastor.

It is rather the constitutional protection of free speech that is important.

The pastor could easily evoke it before the courts to say that he was merely expressing himself – as the constitution guarantees – with his anti-Islamic bonfire.

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Anti-mosque sentiment rages far from Ground Zero

3348278nyc-mosque-falloutsff From Glenn Greenwald at Salon.com

One of the most under-reported political stories is the increasingly vehement, nationwide movement — far from Ground Zero — to oppose new mosques and Islamic community centers.  These ugly campaigns are found across the countryin every region, and extend far beyond the warped extremists who are doing things such as sponsoring “Burn a Quran Day.” And now, fromCBS News last night, we have this:

Fire at Tenn. Mosque Building Site Ruled Arson

Federal officials are investigating a fire that started overnight at the site of a new Islamic center in a Nashville suburb.

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Legislation Won’t Close Gender Gap in Sciences

tier-popupFrom John Tierney’s “Findings” column in The New York Times:

If the Senate passes legislation establishing regular “workshops to enhance gender equity” in academic science, what exactly would scientists and engineers do at them? The legislation, already approved by the House, is a little vague beyond directing researchers and heads of academic departments to participate in “activities that increase the awareness of the existence of gender bias.”

But let me venture one prediction: There will be lots of talk about the male chauvinists on the Swedish Medical Research Council who awarded 20 postdoctoral fellowships in 1994.

I’d love to see more girls pursuing careers in science (and more women reading science columns), but I wish we’d encourage their individual aspirations instead of obsessing about group disparities. I can’t see how we’re helping them with scare stories about the awful discrimination they’ll face. And I can’t imagine that many scientists, male or female, are looking forward to being yanked out of the lab to play Gender Bias Bingo — or hear once again about the Swedish chauvinists of 1994.

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The Failure of the American Jewish Establishment

netanyahu_benjamin-061109_jpg_230x867_q85From Peter Beinart in the New York Review of Books:

Among American Jews today, there are a great many Zionists, especially in the Orthodox world, people deeply devoted to the State of Israel. And there are a great many liberals, especially in the secular Jewish world, people deeply devoted to human rights for all people, Palestinians included. But the two groups are increasingly distinct. Particularly in the younger generations, fewer and fewer American Jewish liberals are Zionists; fewer and fewer American Jewish Zionists are liberal. One reason is that the leading institutions of American Jewry have refused to foster—indeed, have actively opposed—a Zionism that challenges Israel’s behavior in the West Bank and Gaza Strip and toward its own Arab citizens. For several decades, the Jewish establishment has asked American Jews to check their liberalism at Zionism’s door, and now, to their horror, they are finding that many young Jews have checked their Zionism instead.

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Suggestions for Making Google’s Services More Relevant for Non-Elite Chinese Users (involves some ethnography!)

culturalbytes1From Tricia Wang’s blog cultural bytes:

Google announced on its company blog that Chinese hackers had attacked its users and as a result Google.CN may leave China due to the security breaches.

While unfortunate that Google.CN may be shutting down, my ethnographic work in China revealed five things that aren’t being told in the current story:

  1. Many Chinese internet users don’t find Google to be very useful. Therefore, a Google withdrawal would not have any immediate impact on the daily Chinese internet user because most people search with Baidu, the reigning search engine in China.
  2. Many Chinese internet users prefer Baidu over Google because using Baidu makes them feel more “Chinese.” Baidu does an excellent job at tapping into nationalistic fervor to promote itself as being the most superior search engine for Chinese users.
  3. Chinese internet users don’t know how to get to the Google site. While they may “know” of Google, it’s a whole other matter when it comes to typing or saying Google’s name.
  4. Google is primarily used by highly educated netizens. And even these users prefer Google.COM over Google.CN.
  5. Google is not successful at reaching the mobile internet market.

For the complete post…